Furosemide

Generic Name: Furosemide
Brand Name: ROSEMID®
Dosage Form: Injection 20mg/2ml, Injection 40mg/4ml
Pharmacological Category: Loop diuretics
Therapeutic Category: Antihypertensive Drugs
Pregnancy Category: Category C

Pharmacology

Investigations into the mode of action of furosemide have utilized micropuncture studies in rats, stop flow experiments in dogs and various clearance studies in both humans and experimental animals.
It has been demonstrated that furosemide inhibits primarily the reabsorption of sodium and chloride not only in the proximal and distal tubules but also in the loop of Henle. The high degree of efficacy is largely due to this unique site of action. The action on the distal tubule is independent of any inhibitory effect on carbonic anhydrase and aldosterone.

Pharmacokinetics:

Recent evidence suggests that furosemide glucuronide is the only or at least the major biotransformation product of furosemide in man. Furosemide is extensively bound to plasma proteins, mainly to albumin. Plasma concentrations ranging from 1 to 400 mcg/mL are 91 to 99% bound in healthy individuals. The unbound fraction averages 2.3 to 4.1% at therapeutic concentrations.
The onset of diuresis following intravenous administration is within 5 minutes and somewhat later after intramuscular administration. The peak effect occurs within the first half hour. The duration of diuretic effect is approximately 2 hours.
In fasted normal men, the mean bioavailability of furosemide from furosemide tablets and furosemide solution is approximately 60% of that from an intravenous injection of the drug. Although furosemide is more rapidly absorbed from the oral solution than from the tablet, peak plasma levels and area under the plasma concentration-time curves do not differ significantly. Peak plasma concentrations increase with increasing dose but times-to-peak do not differ among doses. The terminal half-life of furosemide is approximately 2 hours.
Significantly more furosemide is excreted in urine following the IV injection than after the tablet or oral solution.

Indications:

Furosemide is indicated in adults and pediatric patients for the treatment of edema associated with congestive heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver, and renal disease, including the nephrotic syndrome. Furosemide is particularly useful when an agent with greater diuretic potential is desired.
Furosemide is indicated as adjunctive therapy in acute pulmonary edema. The intravenous administration of furosemide is indicated when a rapid onset of diuresis is desired, e.g., in acute pulmonary edema.

If gastrointestinal absorption is impaired or oral medication is not practical for any reason, furosemide is indicated by the intravenous or intramuscular route. Parenteral use should be replaced with oral furosemide as soon as practical.

Contraindications:

Furosemide Injection is contraindicated in patients with anuria and in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to furosemide.

Precautions:

Excessive diuresis may cause dehydration and blood volume reduction with circulatory collapse and possibly vascular thrombosis and embolism, particularly in elderly patients. As with any effective diuretic, electrolyte depletion may occur during furosemide therapy, especially in patients receiving higher doses and a restricted salt intake. Hypokalemia may develop with furosemide, especially with brisk diuresis, inadequate oral electrolyte intake, when cirrhosis is present, or during concomitant use of corticosteroids, ACTH, licorice in large amounts, or prolonged use of laxatives. Digitalis therapy may exaggerate metabolic effects of hypokalemia, especially myocardial effects.

All patients receiving furosemide therapy should be observed for these signs or symptoms of fluid or electrolyte imbalance (hyponatremia, hypochloremic alkalosis, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, or hypocalcemia): dryness of mouth, thirst, weakness, lethargy, drowsiness, restlessness, muscle pains or cramps, muscular fatigue, hypotension, oliguria, tachycardia, arrhythmia, or gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea and vomiting.

Increases in blood glucose and alterations in glucose tolerance tests (with abnormalities of the fasting and 2-hour postprandial sugar) have been observed, and rarely, precipitation of diabetes mellitus has been reported.

In patients with severe symptoms of urinary retention (because of bladder emptying disorders, prostatic hyperplasia, urethral narrowing), the administration of furosemide can cause acute urinary retention related to increased production and retention of urine. Thus, these patients require careful monitoring, especially during the initial stages of treatment.

In patients at high risk for radiocontrast nephropathy, furosemide can lead to a higher incidence of deterioration in renal function after receiving radiocontrast compared to high-risk patients who received only intravenous hydration prior to receiving radiocontrast.
In patients with hypoproteinemia (e.g., associated with nephrotic syndrome) the effect of furosemide may be weakened and its ototoxicity potentiated.
Asymptomatic hyperuricemia can occur and gout may rarely be precipitated.

Patients allergic to sulfonamides may also be allergic to furosemide.

The possibility exists of exacerbation or activation of systemic lupus erythematosus.
As with many other drugs, patients should be observed regularly for the possible occurrence of blood dyscrasias, liver or kidney damage, or other idiosyncratic reactions.

Drug Interactions:

• cisplatin ;
• cyclosporine ( Sandimmune);
• ethacrynic acid ;
• lithium ;
• methotrexate ;
• phenytoin (Dilantin);
• an antibiotic such as amikacin , cefdinir , cefprozil , cefuroxime , cephalexin , gentamicin , kanamycin , neomycin , streptomycin, tobramycin ;
• heart or blood pressure medication such as amiodarone , benazepril , candesartan , eprosartan , enalapril , irbesartan , lisinopril , losartan , olmesartan , quinapril , ramipri, telmisartan , valsartan , and others;
• a laxative (Metamucil, Milk of Magnesia, Colace, Dulcolax, Epsom salts, senna, and others)
• salicylates such as aspirin, Disalcid, Doan's Pills, Dolobid, Salflex, Tricosal, and others; or
• steroids (prednisone and others).

Side Effects:

• ringing in your ears, hearing loss;
• itching, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes);
• severe pain in your upper stomach spreading to your back, nausea and vomiting;
• weight loss, body aches, numbness;
• swelling, rapid weight gain, urinating less than usual or not at all;
• chest pain, new or worsening cough with fever, trouble breathing;
• pale skin, bruising, unusual bleeding, feeling light-headed, rapid heart rate, trouble concentrating;
• low potassium (confusion, uneven heart rate, leg discomfort, muscle weakness or limp feeling);
• low calcium (tingly feeling around your mouth, muscle tightness or contraction, overactive reflexes);
• headache, feeling unsteady, weak or shallow breathing; or
• severe skin reaction -- fever, sore throat, swelling in your face or tongue, burning in your eyes, skin pain, followed by a red or purple skin rash that

spreads (especially in the face or upper body) and causes blistering and peeling.
Less serious furosemide side effects may include:
• diarrhea, constipation, stomach pain;
• dizziness, spinning sensation; or
• mild itching or rash.

Storage:

• Store below 30 C°
• Protect from light and freezing

Packing:

• Injection 20mg/2ml, Injection 40mg/4ml: Box of 5 ampoules (40mg/4ml Ampoule) • Box of 10 ampoules (20mg/2ml Ampoule)

stdClass Object ( [nid] => 237 [type] => product [language] => en [uid] => 1 [status] => 1 [created] => 1373588315 [changed] => 1392669020 [comment] => 0 [promote] => 0 [moderate] => 0 [sticky] => 0 [tnid] => 117 [translate] => 0 [vid] => 237 [revision_uid] => 1 [title] => Furosemide [body] =>
Image: 
Brand Name: 

ROSEMID®

Dosage Form: 

Injection 20mg/2ml, Injection 40mg/4ml

Pharmacological Category: 

Loop diuretics

Therapeutic Category: 

Antihypertensive Drugs

Pregnancy Category: 

Category C

Investigations into the mode of action of furosemide have utilized micropuncture studies in rats, stop flow experiments in dogs and various clearance studies in both humans and experimental animals.
It has been demonstrated that furosemide inhibits primarily the reabsorption of sodium and chloride not only in the proximal and distal tubules but also in the loop of Henle. The high degree of efficacy is largely due to this unique site of action. The action on the distal tubule is independent of any inhibitory effect on carbonic anhydrase and aldosterone.

Pharmacokinetics: 

Recent evidence suggests that furosemide glucuronide is the only or at least the major biotransformation product of furosemide in man. Furosemide is extensively bound to plasma proteins, mainly to albumin. Plasma concentrations ranging from 1 to 400 mcg/mL are 91 to 99% bound in healthy individuals. The unbound fraction averages 2.3 to 4.1% at therapeutic concentrations.
The onset of diuresis following intravenous administration is within 5 minutes and somewhat later after intramuscular administration. The peak effect occurs within the first half hour. The duration of diuretic effect is approximately 2 hours.
In fasted normal men, the mean bioavailability of furosemide from furosemide tablets and furosemide solution is approximately 60% of that from an intravenous injection of the drug. Although furosemide is more rapidly absorbed from the oral solution than from the tablet, peak plasma levels and area under the plasma concentration-time curves do not differ significantly. Peak plasma concentrations increase with increasing dose but times-to-peak do not differ among doses. The terminal half-life of furosemide is approximately 2 hours.
Significantly more furosemide is excreted in urine following the IV injection than after the tablet or oral solution.

Indications: 

Furosemide is indicated in adults and pediatric patients for the treatment of edema associated with congestive heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver, and renal disease, including the nephrotic syndrome. Furosemide is particularly useful when an agent with greater diuretic potential is desired.
Furosemide is indicated as adjunctive therapy in acute pulmonary edema. The intravenous administration of furosemide is indicated when a rapid onset of diuresis is desired, e.g., in acute pulmonary edema.

If gastrointestinal absorption is impaired or oral medication is not practical for any reason, furosemide is indicated by the intravenous or intramuscular route. Parenteral use should be replaced with oral furosemide as soon as practical.

Contraindications: 

Furosemide Injection is contraindicated in patients with anuria and in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to furosemide.

Precautions: 

Excessive diuresis may cause dehydration and blood volume reduction with circulatory collapse and possibly vascular thrombosis and embolism, particularly in elderly patients. As with any effective diuretic, electrolyte depletion may occur during furosemide therapy, especially in patients receiving higher doses and a restricted salt intake. Hypokalemia may develop with furosemide, especially with brisk diuresis, inadequate oral electrolyte intake, when cirrhosis is present, or during concomitant use of corticosteroids, ACTH, licorice in large amounts, or prolonged use of laxatives. Digitalis therapy may exaggerate metabolic effects of hypokalemia, especially myocardial effects.

All patients receiving furosemide therapy should be observed for these signs or symptoms of fluid or electrolyte imbalance (hyponatremia, hypochloremic alkalosis, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, or hypocalcemia): dryness of mouth, thirst, weakness, lethargy, drowsiness, restlessness, muscle pains or cramps, muscular fatigue, hypotension, oliguria, tachycardia, arrhythmia, or gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea and vomiting.

Increases in blood glucose and alterations in glucose tolerance tests (with abnormalities of the fasting and 2-hour postprandial sugar) have been observed, and rarely, precipitation of diabetes mellitus has been reported.

In patients with severe symptoms of urinary retention (because of bladder emptying disorders, prostatic hyperplasia, urethral narrowing), the administration of furosemide can cause acute urinary retention related to increased production and retention of urine. Thus, these patients require careful monitoring, especially during the initial stages of treatment.

In patients at high risk for radiocontrast nephropathy, furosemide can lead to a higher incidence of deterioration in renal function after receiving radiocontrast compared to high-risk patients who received only intravenous hydration prior to receiving radiocontrast.
In patients with hypoproteinemia (e.g., associated with nephrotic syndrome) the effect of furosemide may be weakened and its ototoxicity potentiated.
Asymptomatic hyperuricemia can occur and gout may rarely be precipitated.

Patients allergic to sulfonamides may also be allergic to furosemide.

The possibility exists of exacerbation or activation of systemic lupus erythematosus.
As with many other drugs, patients should be observed regularly for the possible occurrence of blood dyscrasias, liver or kidney damage, or other idiosyncratic reactions.

Drug Interactions: 

• cisplatin ;
• cyclosporine ( Sandimmune);
• ethacrynic acid ;
• lithium ;
• methotrexate ;
• phenytoin (Dilantin);
• an antibiotic such as amikacin , cefdinir , cefprozil , cefuroxime , cephalexin , gentamicin , kanamycin , neomycin , streptomycin, tobramycin ;
• heart or blood pressure medication such as amiodarone , benazepril , candesartan , eprosartan , enalapril , irbesartan , lisinopril , losartan , olmesartan , quinapril , ramipri, telmisartan , valsartan , and others;
• a laxative (Metamucil, Milk of Magnesia, Colace, Dulcolax, Epsom salts, senna, and others)
• salicylates such as aspirin, Disalcid, Doan's Pills, Dolobid, Salflex, Tricosal, and others; or
• steroids (prednisone and others).

Side Effects: 

• ringing in your ears, hearing loss;
• itching, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes);
• severe pain in your upper stomach spreading to your back, nausea and vomiting;
• weight loss, body aches, numbness;
• swelling, rapid weight gain, urinating less than usual or not at all;
• chest pain, new or worsening cough with fever, trouble breathing;
• pale skin, bruising, unusual bleeding, feeling light-headed, rapid heart rate, trouble concentrating;
• low potassium (confusion, uneven heart rate, leg discomfort, muscle weakness or limp feeling);
• low calcium (tingly feeling around your mouth, muscle tightness or contraction, overactive reflexes);
• headache, feeling unsteady, weak or shallow breathing; or
• severe skin reaction -- fever, sore throat, swelling in your face or tongue, burning in your eyes, skin pain, followed by a red or purple skin rash that

spreads (especially in the face or upper body) and causes blistering and peeling.
Less serious furosemide side effects may include:
• diarrhea, constipation, stomach pain;
• dizziness, spinning sensation; or
• mild itching or rash.

Storage: 

• Store below 30 C°
• Protect from light and freezing

Packing: 

• Injection 20mg/2ml, Injection 40mg/4ml: Box of 5 ampoules (40mg/4ml Ampoule) • Box of 10 ampoules (20mg/2ml Ampoule)

[log] => [revision_timestamp] => 1392669020 [format] => 1 [name] => root [picture] => [data] => a:5:{s:29:"taxonomy_image_disable_images";i:0;s:20:"l10n_client_disabled";i:0;s:13:"form_build_id";s:48:"form-aTcSqa5gxC3qlJ6qWYJHsxgkPEq9KwPBBC-KEX1q3PQ";s:18:"admin_compact_mode";b:1;s:7:"contact";i:0;} [path] => product/furosemide [field_one_image] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [fid] => 196 [uid] => 1 [filename] => furosemide_s.jpg [filepath] => sites/default/files/images/furosemide_s.jpg [filemime] => image/jpeg [filesize] => 56037 [status] => 1 [timestamp] => 1329491938 [list] => 1 [data] => Array ( [alt] => [title] => ) [i18nsync] => 1 [nid] => 237 [view] => ) ) [field_administration_and_dosage] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => [format] => [safe] => [view] => ) ) [field_brand_name] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => ROSEMID® [format] => 1 [safe] =>

ROSEMID®

[view] =>

ROSEMID®

) ) [field_contraindications] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => Furosemide Injection is contraindicated in patients with anuria and in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to furosemide. [format] => 1 [safe] =>

Furosemide Injection is contraindicated in patients with anuria and in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to furosemide.

[view] =>

Furosemide Injection is contraindicated in patients with anuria and in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to furosemide.

) ) [field_dosage_form] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => Injection 20mg/2ml, Injection 40mg/4ml [format] => 1 [safe] =>

Injection 20mg/2ml, Injection 40mg/4ml

[view] =>

Injection 20mg/2ml, Injection 40mg/4ml

) ) [field_drug_interactions] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => • cisplatin ; • cyclosporine ( Sandimmune); • ethacrynic acid ; • lithium ; • methotrexate ; • phenytoin (Dilantin); • an antibiotic such as amikacin , cefdinir , cefprozil , cefuroxime , cephalexin , gentamicin , kanamycin , neomycin , streptomycin, tobramycin ; • heart or blood pressure medication such as amiodarone , benazepril , candesartan , eprosartan , enalapril , irbesartan , lisinopril , losartan , olmesartan , quinapril , ramipri, telmisartan , valsartan , and others; • a laxative (Metamucil, Milk of Magnesia, Colace, Dulcolax, Epsom salts, senna, and others) • salicylates such as aspirin, Disalcid, Doan's Pills, Dolobid, Salflex, Tricosal, and others; or • steroids (prednisone and others). [format] => 1 [safe] =>

• cisplatin ;
• cyclosporine ( Sandimmune);
• ethacrynic acid ;
• lithium ;
• methotrexate ;
• phenytoin (Dilantin);
• an antibiotic such as amikacin , cefdinir , cefprozil , cefuroxime , cephalexin , gentamicin , kanamycin , neomycin , streptomycin, tobramycin ;
• heart or blood pressure medication such as amiodarone , benazepril , candesartan , eprosartan , enalapril , irbesartan , lisinopril , losartan , olmesartan , quinapril , ramipri, telmisartan , valsartan , and others;
• a laxative (Metamucil, Milk of Magnesia, Colace, Dulcolax, Epsom salts, senna, and others)
• salicylates such as aspirin, Disalcid, Doan's Pills, Dolobid, Salflex, Tricosal, and others; or
• steroids (prednisone and others).

[view] =>

• cisplatin ;
• cyclosporine ( Sandimmune);
• ethacrynic acid ;
• lithium ;
• methotrexate ;
• phenytoin (Dilantin);
• an antibiotic such as amikacin , cefdinir , cefprozil , cefuroxime , cephalexin , gentamicin , kanamycin , neomycin , streptomycin, tobramycin ;
• heart or blood pressure medication such as amiodarone , benazepril , candesartan , eprosartan , enalapril , irbesartan , lisinopril , losartan , olmesartan , quinapril , ramipri, telmisartan , valsartan , and others;
• a laxative (Metamucil, Milk of Magnesia, Colace, Dulcolax, Epsom salts, senna, and others)
• salicylates such as aspirin, Disalcid, Doan's Pills, Dolobid, Salflex, Tricosal, and others; or
• steroids (prednisone and others).

) ) [field_indications] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => Furosemide is indicated in adults and pediatric patients for the treatment of edema associated with congestive heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver, and renal disease, including the nephrotic syndrome. Furosemide is particularly useful when an agent with greater diuretic potential is desired. Furosemide is indicated as adjunctive therapy in acute pulmonary edema. The intravenous administration of furosemide is indicated when a rapid onset of diuresis is desired, e.g., in acute pulmonary edema. If gastrointestinal absorption is impaired or oral medication is not practical for any reason, furosemide is indicated by the intravenous or intramuscular route. Parenteral use should be replaced with oral furosemide as soon as practical. [format] => 1 [safe] =>

Furosemide is indicated in adults and pediatric patients for the treatment of edema associated with congestive heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver, and renal disease, including the nephrotic syndrome. Furosemide is particularly useful when an agent with greater diuretic potential is desired.
Furosemide is indicated as adjunctive therapy in acute pulmonary edema. The intravenous administration of furosemide is indicated when a rapid onset of diuresis is desired, e.g., in acute pulmonary edema.

If gastrointestinal absorption is impaired or oral medication is not practical for any reason, furosemide is indicated by the intravenous or intramuscular route. Parenteral use should be replaced with oral furosemide as soon as practical.

[view] =>

Furosemide is indicated in adults and pediatric patients for the treatment of edema associated with congestive heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver, and renal disease, including the nephrotic syndrome. Furosemide is particularly useful when an agent with greater diuretic potential is desired.
Furosemide is indicated as adjunctive therapy in acute pulmonary edema. The intravenous administration of furosemide is indicated when a rapid onset of diuresis is desired, e.g., in acute pulmonary edema.

If gastrointestinal absorption is impaired or oral medication is not practical for any reason, furosemide is indicated by the intravenous or intramuscular route. Parenteral use should be replaced with oral furosemide as soon as practical.

) ) [field_packing] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => • Injection 20mg/2ml, Injection 40mg/4ml: Box of 5 ampoules (40mg/4ml Ampoule) • Box of 10 ampoules (20mg/2ml Ampoule) [format] => 1 [safe] =>

• Injection 20mg/2ml, Injection 40mg/4ml: Box of 5 ampoules (40mg/4ml Ampoule) • Box of 10 ampoules (20mg/2ml Ampoule)

[view] =>

• Injection 20mg/2ml, Injection 40mg/4ml: Box of 5 ampoules (40mg/4ml Ampoule) • Box of 10 ampoules (20mg/2ml Ampoule)

) ) [field_pdf] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [fid] => 197 [uid] => 1 [filename] => furosemide.pdf [filepath] => sites/default/files/pdf/furosemide.pdf [filemime] => application/pdf [filesize] => 187474 [status] => 1 [timestamp] => 1329492101 [list] => 1 [data] => [i18nsync] => 1 [nid] => 237 [view] => ) ) [field_pharmacokinetics] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => Recent evidence suggests that furosemide glucuronide is the only or at least the major biotransformation product of furosemide in man. Furosemide is extensively bound to plasma proteins, mainly to albumin. Plasma concentrations ranging from 1 to 400 mcg/mL are 91 to 99% bound in healthy individuals. The unbound fraction averages 2.3 to 4.1% at therapeutic concentrations. The onset of diuresis following intravenous administration is within 5 minutes and somewhat later after intramuscular administration. The peak effect occurs within the first half hour. The duration of diuretic effect is approximately 2 hours. In fasted normal men, the mean bioavailability of furosemide from furosemide tablets and furosemide solution is approximately 60% of that from an intravenous injection of the drug. Although furosemide is more rapidly absorbed from the oral solution than from the tablet, peak plasma levels and area under the plasma concentration-time curves do not differ significantly. Peak plasma concentrations increase with increasing dose but times-to-peak do not differ among doses. The terminal half-life of furosemide is approximately 2 hours. Significantly more furosemide is excreted in urine following the IV injection than after the tablet or oral solution. [format] => 1 [safe] =>

Recent evidence suggests that furosemide glucuronide is the only or at least the major biotransformation product of furosemide in man. Furosemide is extensively bound to plasma proteins, mainly to albumin. Plasma concentrations ranging from 1 to 400 mcg/mL are 91 to 99% bound in healthy individuals. The unbound fraction averages 2.3 to 4.1% at therapeutic concentrations.
The onset of diuresis following intravenous administration is within 5 minutes and somewhat later after intramuscular administration. The peak effect occurs within the first half hour. The duration of diuretic effect is approximately 2 hours.
In fasted normal men, the mean bioavailability of furosemide from furosemide tablets and furosemide solution is approximately 60% of that from an intravenous injection of the drug. Although furosemide is more rapidly absorbed from the oral solution than from the tablet, peak plasma levels and area under the plasma concentration-time curves do not differ significantly. Peak plasma concentrations increase with increasing dose but times-to-peak do not differ among doses. The terminal half-life of furosemide is approximately 2 hours.
Significantly more furosemide is excreted in urine following the IV injection than after the tablet or oral solution.

[view] =>

Recent evidence suggests that furosemide glucuronide is the only or at least the major biotransformation product of furosemide in man. Furosemide is extensively bound to plasma proteins, mainly to albumin. Plasma concentrations ranging from 1 to 400 mcg/mL are 91 to 99% bound in healthy individuals. The unbound fraction averages 2.3 to 4.1% at therapeutic concentrations.
The onset of diuresis following intravenous administration is within 5 minutes and somewhat later after intramuscular administration. The peak effect occurs within the first half hour. The duration of diuretic effect is approximately 2 hours.
In fasted normal men, the mean bioavailability of furosemide from furosemide tablets and furosemide solution is approximately 60% of that from an intravenous injection of the drug. Although furosemide is more rapidly absorbed from the oral solution than from the tablet, peak plasma levels and area under the plasma concentration-time curves do not differ significantly. Peak plasma concentrations increase with increasing dose but times-to-peak do not differ among doses. The terminal half-life of furosemide is approximately 2 hours.
Significantly more furosemide is excreted in urine following the IV injection than after the tablet or oral solution.

) ) [field_pharmacological_category] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => Loop diuretics [format] => 1 [safe] =>

Loop diuretics

[view] =>

Loop diuretics

) ) [field_precautions] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => Excessive diuresis may cause dehydration and blood volume reduction with circulatory collapse and possibly vascular thrombosis and embolism, particularly in elderly patients. As with any effective diuretic, electrolyte depletion may occur during furosemide therapy, especially in patients receiving higher doses and a restricted salt intake. Hypokalemia may develop with furosemide, especially with brisk diuresis, inadequate oral electrolyte intake, when cirrhosis is present, or during concomitant use of corticosteroids, ACTH, licorice in large amounts, or prolonged use of laxatives. Digitalis therapy may exaggerate metabolic effects of hypokalemia, especially myocardial effects. All patients receiving furosemide therapy should be observed for these signs or symptoms of fluid or electrolyte imbalance (hyponatremia, hypochloremic alkalosis, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, or hypocalcemia): dryness of mouth, thirst, weakness, lethargy, drowsiness, restlessness, muscle pains or cramps, muscular fatigue, hypotension, oliguria, tachycardia, arrhythmia, or gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea and vomiting. Increases in blood glucose and alterations in glucose tolerance tests (with abnormalities of the fasting and 2-hour postprandial sugar) have been observed, and rarely, precipitation of diabetes mellitus has been reported. In patients with severe symptoms of urinary retention (because of bladder emptying disorders, prostatic hyperplasia, urethral narrowing), the administration of furosemide can cause acute urinary retention related to increased production and retention of urine. Thus, these patients require careful monitoring, especially during the initial stages of treatment. In patients at high risk for radiocontrast nephropathy, furosemide can lead to a higher incidence of deterioration in renal function after receiving radiocontrast compared to high-risk patients who received only intravenous hydration prior to receiving radiocontrast. In patients with hypoproteinemia (e.g., associated with nephrotic syndrome) the effect of furosemide may be weakened and its ototoxicity potentiated. Asymptomatic hyperuricemia can occur and gout may rarely be precipitated. Patients allergic to sulfonamides may also be allergic to furosemide. The possibility exists of exacerbation or activation of systemic lupus erythematosus. As with many other drugs, patients should be observed regularly for the possible occurrence of blood dyscrasias, liver or kidney damage, or other idiosyncratic reactions. [format] => 1 [safe] =>

Excessive diuresis may cause dehydration and blood volume reduction with circulatory collapse and possibly vascular thrombosis and embolism, particularly in elderly patients. As with any effective diuretic, electrolyte depletion may occur during furosemide therapy, especially in patients receiving higher doses and a restricted salt intake. Hypokalemia may develop with furosemide, especially with brisk diuresis, inadequate oral electrolyte intake, when cirrhosis is present, or during concomitant use of corticosteroids, ACTH, licorice in large amounts, or prolonged use of laxatives. Digitalis therapy may exaggerate metabolic effects of hypokalemia, especially myocardial effects.

All patients receiving furosemide therapy should be observed for these signs or symptoms of fluid or electrolyte imbalance (hyponatremia, hypochloremic alkalosis, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, or hypocalcemia): dryness of mouth, thirst, weakness, lethargy, drowsiness, restlessness, muscle pains or cramps, muscular fatigue, hypotension, oliguria, tachycardia, arrhythmia, or gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea and vomiting.

Increases in blood glucose and alterations in glucose tolerance tests (with abnormalities of the fasting and 2-hour postprandial sugar) have been observed, and rarely, precipitation of diabetes mellitus has been reported.

In patients with severe symptoms of urinary retention (because of bladder emptying disorders, prostatic hyperplasia, urethral narrowing), the administration of furosemide can cause acute urinary retention related to increased production and retention of urine. Thus, these patients require careful monitoring, especially during the initial stages of treatment.

In patients at high risk for radiocontrast nephropathy, furosemide can lead to a higher incidence of deterioration in renal function after receiving radiocontrast compared to high-risk patients who received only intravenous hydration prior to receiving radiocontrast.
In patients with hypoproteinemia (e.g., associated with nephrotic syndrome) the effect of furosemide may be weakened and its ototoxicity potentiated.
Asymptomatic hyperuricemia can occur and gout may rarely be precipitated.

Patients allergic to sulfonamides may also be allergic to furosemide.

The possibility exists of exacerbation or activation of systemic lupus erythematosus.
As with many other drugs, patients should be observed regularly for the possible occurrence of blood dyscrasias, liver or kidney damage, or other idiosyncratic reactions.

[view] =>

Excessive diuresis may cause dehydration and blood volume reduction with circulatory collapse and possibly vascular thrombosis and embolism, particularly in elderly patients. As with any effective diuretic, electrolyte depletion may occur during furosemide therapy, especially in patients receiving higher doses and a restricted salt intake. Hypokalemia may develop with furosemide, especially with brisk diuresis, inadequate oral electrolyte intake, when cirrhosis is present, or during concomitant use of corticosteroids, ACTH, licorice in large amounts, or prolonged use of laxatives. Digitalis therapy may exaggerate metabolic effects of hypokalemia, especially myocardial effects.

All patients receiving furosemide therapy should be observed for these signs or symptoms of fluid or electrolyte imbalance (hyponatremia, hypochloremic alkalosis, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, or hypocalcemia): dryness of mouth, thirst, weakness, lethargy, drowsiness, restlessness, muscle pains or cramps, muscular fatigue, hypotension, oliguria, tachycardia, arrhythmia, or gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea and vomiting.

Increases in blood glucose and alterations in glucose tolerance tests (with abnormalities of the fasting and 2-hour postprandial sugar) have been observed, and rarely, precipitation of diabetes mellitus has been reported.

In patients with severe symptoms of urinary retention (because of bladder emptying disorders, prostatic hyperplasia, urethral narrowing), the administration of furosemide can cause acute urinary retention related to increased production and retention of urine. Thus, these patients require careful monitoring, especially during the initial stages of treatment.

In patients at high risk for radiocontrast nephropathy, furosemide can lead to a higher incidence of deterioration in renal function after receiving radiocontrast compared to high-risk patients who received only intravenous hydration prior to receiving radiocontrast.
In patients with hypoproteinemia (e.g., associated with nephrotic syndrome) the effect of furosemide may be weakened and its ototoxicity potentiated.
Asymptomatic hyperuricemia can occur and gout may rarely be precipitated.

Patients allergic to sulfonamides may also be allergic to furosemide.

The possibility exists of exacerbation or activation of systemic lupus erythematosus.
As with many other drugs, patients should be observed regularly for the possible occurrence of blood dyscrasias, liver or kidney damage, or other idiosyncratic reactions.

) ) [field_pregnancy_category] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => Category C [format] => 1 [safe] =>

Category C

[view] =>

Category C

) ) [field_references] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => [format] => [safe] => [view] => ) ) [field_side_effects] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => • ringing in your ears, hearing loss; • itching, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes); • severe pain in your upper stomach spreading to your back, nausea and vomiting; • weight loss, body aches, numbness; • swelling, rapid weight gain, urinating less than usual or not at all; • chest pain, new or worsening cough with fever, trouble breathing; • pale skin, bruising, unusual bleeding, feeling light-headed, rapid heart rate, trouble concentrating; • low potassium (confusion, uneven heart rate, leg discomfort, muscle weakness or limp feeling); • low calcium (tingly feeling around your mouth, muscle tightness or contraction, overactive reflexes); • headache, feeling unsteady, weak or shallow breathing; or • severe skin reaction -- fever, sore throat, swelling in your face or tongue, burning in your eyes, skin pain, followed by a red or purple skin rash that spreads (especially in the face or upper body) and causes blistering and peeling. Less serious furosemide side effects may include: • diarrhea, constipation, stomach pain; • dizziness, spinning sensation; or • mild itching or rash. [format] => 1 [safe] =>

• ringing in your ears, hearing loss;
• itching, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes);
• severe pain in your upper stomach spreading to your back, nausea and vomiting;
• weight loss, body aches, numbness;
• swelling, rapid weight gain, urinating less than usual or not at all;
• chest pain, new or worsening cough with fever, trouble breathing;
• pale skin, bruising, unusual bleeding, feeling light-headed, rapid heart rate, trouble concentrating;
• low potassium (confusion, uneven heart rate, leg discomfort, muscle weakness or limp feeling);
• low calcium (tingly feeling around your mouth, muscle tightness or contraction, overactive reflexes);
• headache, feeling unsteady, weak or shallow breathing; or
• severe skin reaction -- fever, sore throat, swelling in your face or tongue, burning in your eyes, skin pain, followed by a red or purple skin rash that

spreads (especially in the face or upper body) and causes blistering and peeling.
Less serious furosemide side effects may include:
• diarrhea, constipation, stomach pain;
• dizziness, spinning sensation; or
• mild itching or rash.

[view] =>

• ringing in your ears, hearing loss;
• itching, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes);
• severe pain in your upper stomach spreading to your back, nausea and vomiting;
• weight loss, body aches, numbness;
• swelling, rapid weight gain, urinating less than usual or not at all;
• chest pain, new or worsening cough with fever, trouble breathing;
• pale skin, bruising, unusual bleeding, feeling light-headed, rapid heart rate, trouble concentrating;
• low potassium (confusion, uneven heart rate, leg discomfort, muscle weakness or limp feeling);
• low calcium (tingly feeling around your mouth, muscle tightness or contraction, overactive reflexes);
• headache, feeling unsteady, weak or shallow breathing; or
• severe skin reaction -- fever, sore throat, swelling in your face or tongue, burning in your eyes, skin pain, followed by a red or purple skin rash that

spreads (especially in the face or upper body) and causes blistering and peeling.
Less serious furosemide side effects may include:
• diarrhea, constipation, stomach pain;
• dizziness, spinning sensation; or
• mild itching or rash.

) ) [field_storage] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => • Store below 30 C° • Protect from light and freezing [format] => 1 [safe] =>

• Store below 30 C°
• Protect from light and freezing

[view] =>

• Store below 30 C°
• Protect from light and freezing

) ) [field_therapeutic_category] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => Antihypertensive Drugs [format] => 1 [safe] =>

Antihypertensive Drugs

[view] =>

Antihypertensive Drugs

) ) [field_related_products] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [nid] => [i18nsync] => 1 [safe] => Array ( ) [view] => ) [1] => Array ( [nid] => [i18nsync] => 1 [safe] => Array ( ) [view] => ) [2] => Array ( [nid] => [i18nsync] => 1 [safe] => Array ( ) [view] => ) ) [taxonomy] => Array ( [7] => stdClass Object ( [tid] => 7 [vid] => 1 [name] => Cardiovascular Drugs,Electrolytes [description] => [weight] => 5 [language] => [trid] => 0 [v_weight_unused] => 0 ) ) [build_mode] => 0 [readmore] => [content] => Array ( [field_one_image] => Array ( [#type_name] => product [#context] => full [#field_name] => field_one_image [#post_render] => Array ( [0] => content_field_wrapper_post_render ) [#weight] => -3 [field] => Array ( [#description] => [items] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [#formatter] => image_plain [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type_name] => product [#field_name] => field_one_image [#weight] => 0 [#theme] => imagefield_formatter_image_plain [#item] => Array ( [fid] => 196 [uid] => 1 [filename] => furosemide_s.jpg [filepath] => sites/default/files/images/furosemide_s.jpg [filemime] => image/jpeg [filesize] => 56037 [status] => 1 [timestamp] => 1329491938 [list] => 1 [data] => Array ( [alt] => [title] => ) [i18nsync] => 1 [nid] => 237 [#delta] => 0 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#theme_used] => 1 [#printed] => 1 [#type] => [#value] => [#prefix] => [#suffix] => [#children] => ) [#title] => [#description] => [#children] => [#printed] => 1 ) [#single] => 1 [#attributes] => Array ( ) [#required] => [#parents] => Array ( ) [#tree] => [#context] => full [#page] => 1 [#field_name] => field_one_image [#title] => Image [#access] => 1 [#label_display] => above [#teaser] => [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type] => content_field [#children] => [#printed] => 1 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#children] =>
Image: 
[#printed] => 1 ) [field_brand_name] => Array ( [#type_name] => product [#context] => full [#field_name] => field_brand_name [#post_render] => Array ( [0] => content_field_wrapper_post_render ) [#weight] => -2 [field] => Array ( [#description] => [items] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [#formatter] => default [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type_name] => product [#field_name] => field_brand_name [#weight] => 0 [#theme] => text_formatter_default [#item] => Array ( [value] => ROSEMID® [format] => 1 [safe] =>

ROSEMID®

[#delta] => 0 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#theme_used] => 1 [#printed] => 1 [#type] => [#value] => [#prefix] => [#suffix] => [#children] =>

ROSEMID®

) [#title] => [#description] => [#children] =>

ROSEMID®

[#printed] => 1 ) [#single] => 1 [#attributes] => Array ( ) [#required] => [#parents] => Array ( ) [#tree] => [#context] => full [#page] => 1 [#field_name] => field_brand_name [#title] => Brand Name [#access] => 1 [#label_display] => above [#teaser] => [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type] => content_field [#children] =>

ROSEMID®

[#printed] => 1 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#children] =>
Brand Name: 

ROSEMID®

[#printed] => 1 ) [field_dosage_form] => Array ( [#type_name] => product [#context] => full [#field_name] => field_dosage_form [#post_render] => Array ( [0] => content_field_wrapper_post_render ) [#weight] => -1 [field] => Array ( [#description] => [items] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [#formatter] => default [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type_name] => product [#field_name] => field_dosage_form [#weight] => 0 [#theme] => text_formatter_default [#item] => Array ( [value] => Injection 20mg/2ml, Injection 40mg/4ml [format] => 1 [safe] =>

Injection 20mg/2ml, Injection 40mg/4ml

[#delta] => 0 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#theme_used] => 1 [#printed] => 1 [#type] => [#value] => [#prefix] => [#suffix] => [#children] =>

Injection 20mg/2ml, Injection 40mg/4ml

) [#title] => [#description] => [#children] =>

Injection 20mg/2ml, Injection 40mg/4ml

[#printed] => 1 ) [#single] => 1 [#attributes] => Array ( ) [#required] => [#parents] => Array ( ) [#tree] => [#context] => full [#page] => 1 [#field_name] => field_dosage_form [#title] => Dosage Form [#access] => 1 [#label_display] => above [#teaser] => [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type] => content_field [#children] =>

Injection 20mg/2ml, Injection 40mg/4ml

[#printed] => 1 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#children] =>
Dosage Form: 

Injection 20mg/2ml, Injection 40mg/4ml

[#printed] => 1 ) [#pre_render] => Array ( [0] => content_alter_extra_weights ) [field_pharmacological_category] => Array ( [#type_name] => product [#context] => full [#field_name] => field_pharmacological_category [#post_render] => Array ( [0] => content_field_wrapper_post_render ) [#weight] => 0 [field] => Array ( [#description] => [items] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [#formatter] => default [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type_name] => product [#field_name] => field_pharmacological_category [#weight] => 0 [#theme] => text_formatter_default [#item] => Array ( [value] => Loop diuretics [format] => 1 [safe] =>

Loop diuretics

[#delta] => 0 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#theme_used] => 1 [#printed] => 1 [#type] => [#value] => [#prefix] => [#suffix] => [#children] =>

Loop diuretics

) [#title] => [#description] => [#children] =>

Loop diuretics

[#printed] => 1 ) [#single] => 1 [#attributes] => Array ( ) [#required] => [#parents] => Array ( ) [#tree] => [#context] => full [#page] => 1 [#field_name] => field_pharmacological_category [#title] => Pharmacological Category [#access] => 1 [#label_display] => above [#teaser] => [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type] => content_field [#children] =>

Loop diuretics

[#printed] => 1 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#children] =>
Pharmacological Category: 

Loop diuretics

[#printed] => 1 ) [#content_extra_fields] => Array ( [title] => Array ( [label] => Generic Name [description] => Node module form. [weight] => -5 ) [body_field] => Array ( [label] => Pharmacology [description] => Node module form. [weight] => 3 [view] => body ) [revision_information] => Array ( [label] => Revision information [description] => Node module form. [weight] => 18 ) [author] => Array ( [label] => Authoring information [description] => Node module form. [weight] => 19 ) [options] => Array ( [label] => Publishing options [description] => Node module form. [weight] => 20 ) [language] => Array ( [label] => Language [description] => Locale module form. [weight] => -4 ) [translation] => Array ( [label] => Translation settings [description] => Translation module form. [weight] => 21 ) [menu] => Array ( [label] => Menu settings [description] => Menu module form. [weight] => 17 ) [taxonomy] => Array ( [label] => Taxonomy [description] => Taxonomy module form. [weight] => -3 ) [path] => Array ( [label] => Path settings [description] => Path module form. [weight] => 16 ) [custom_breadcrumbs] => Array ( [label] => Custom Breadcrumbs [description] => Custom Breadcrumbs module form. [weight] => 30 ) ) [field_therapeutic_category] => Array ( [#type_name] => product [#context] => full [#field_name] => field_therapeutic_category [#post_render] => Array ( [0] => content_field_wrapper_post_render ) [#weight] => 1 [field] => Array ( [#description] => [items] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [#formatter] => default [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type_name] => product [#field_name] => field_therapeutic_category [#weight] => 0 [#theme] => text_formatter_default [#item] => Array ( [value] => Antihypertensive Drugs [format] => 1 [safe] =>

Antihypertensive Drugs

[#delta] => 0 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#theme_used] => 1 [#printed] => 1 [#type] => [#value] => [#prefix] => [#suffix] => [#children] =>

Antihypertensive Drugs

) [#title] => [#description] => [#children] =>

Antihypertensive Drugs

[#printed] => 1 ) [#single] => 1 [#attributes] => Array ( ) [#required] => [#parents] => Array ( ) [#tree] => [#context] => full [#page] => 1 [#field_name] => field_therapeutic_category [#title] => Therapeutic Category [#access] => 1 [#label_display] => above [#teaser] => [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type] => content_field [#children] =>

Antihypertensive Drugs

[#printed] => 1 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#children] =>
Therapeutic Category: 

Antihypertensive Drugs

[#printed] => 1 ) [field_pregnancy_category] => Array ( [#type_name] => product [#context] => full [#field_name] => field_pregnancy_category [#post_render] => Array ( [0] => content_field_wrapper_post_render ) [#weight] => 2 [field] => Array ( [#description] => [items] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [#formatter] => default [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type_name] => product [#field_name] => field_pregnancy_category [#weight] => 0 [#theme] => text_formatter_default [#item] => Array ( [value] => Category C [format] => 1 [safe] =>

Category C

[#delta] => 0 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#theme_used] => 1 [#printed] => 1 [#type] => [#value] => [#prefix] => [#suffix] => [#children] =>

Category C

) [#title] => [#description] => [#children] =>

Category C

[#printed] => 1 ) [#single] => 1 [#attributes] => Array ( ) [#required] => [#parents] => Array ( ) [#tree] => [#context] => full [#page] => 1 [#field_name] => field_pregnancy_category [#title] => Pregnancy Category [#access] => 1 [#label_display] => above [#teaser] => [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type] => content_field [#children] =>

Category C

[#printed] => 1 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#children] =>
Pregnancy Category: 

Category C

[#printed] => 1 ) [body] => Array ( [#weight] => 3 [#value] =>

Investigations into the mode of action of furosemide have utilized micropuncture studies in rats, stop flow experiments in dogs and various clearance studies in both humans and experimental animals.
It has been demonstrated that furosemide inhibits primarily the reabsorption of sodium and chloride not only in the proximal and distal tubules but also in the loop of Henle. The high degree of efficacy is largely due to this unique site of action. The action on the distal tubule is independent of any inhibitory effect on carbonic anhydrase and aldosterone.

[#title] => [#description] => [#printed] => 1 ) [field_pharmacokinetics] => Array ( [#type_name] => product [#context] => full [#field_name] => field_pharmacokinetics [#post_render] => Array ( [0] => content_field_wrapper_post_render ) [#weight] => 4 [field] => Array ( [#description] => [items] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [#formatter] => default [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type_name] => product [#field_name] => field_pharmacokinetics [#weight] => 0 [#theme] => text_formatter_default [#item] => Array ( [value] => Recent evidence suggests that furosemide glucuronide is the only or at least the major biotransformation product of furosemide in man. Furosemide is extensively bound to plasma proteins, mainly to albumin. Plasma concentrations ranging from 1 to 400 mcg/mL are 91 to 99% bound in healthy individuals. The unbound fraction averages 2.3 to 4.1% at therapeutic concentrations. The onset of diuresis following intravenous administration is within 5 minutes and somewhat later after intramuscular administration. The peak effect occurs within the first half hour. The duration of diuretic effect is approximately 2 hours. In fasted normal men, the mean bioavailability of furosemide from furosemide tablets and furosemide solution is approximately 60% of that from an intravenous injection of the drug. Although furosemide is more rapidly absorbed from the oral solution than from the tablet, peak plasma levels and area under the plasma concentration-time curves do not differ significantly. Peak plasma concentrations increase with increasing dose but times-to-peak do not differ among doses. The terminal half-life of furosemide is approximately 2 hours. Significantly more furosemide is excreted in urine following the IV injection than after the tablet or oral solution. [format] => 1 [safe] =>

Recent evidence suggests that furosemide glucuronide is the only or at least the major biotransformation product of furosemide in man. Furosemide is extensively bound to plasma proteins, mainly to albumin. Plasma concentrations ranging from 1 to 400 mcg/mL are 91 to 99% bound in healthy individuals. The unbound fraction averages 2.3 to 4.1% at therapeutic concentrations.
The onset of diuresis following intravenous administration is within 5 minutes and somewhat later after intramuscular administration. The peak effect occurs within the first half hour. The duration of diuretic effect is approximately 2 hours.
In fasted normal men, the mean bioavailability of furosemide from furosemide tablets and furosemide solution is approximately 60% of that from an intravenous injection of the drug. Although furosemide is more rapidly absorbed from the oral solution than from the tablet, peak plasma levels and area under the plasma concentration-time curves do not differ significantly. Peak plasma concentrations increase with increasing dose but times-to-peak do not differ among doses. The terminal half-life of furosemide is approximately 2 hours.
Significantly more furosemide is excreted in urine following the IV injection than after the tablet or oral solution.

[#delta] => 0 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#theme_used] => 1 [#printed] => 1 [#type] => [#value] => [#prefix] => [#suffix] => [#children] =>

Recent evidence suggests that furosemide glucuronide is the only or at least the major biotransformation product of furosemide in man. Furosemide is extensively bound to plasma proteins, mainly to albumin. Plasma concentrations ranging from 1 to 400 mcg/mL are 91 to 99% bound in healthy individuals. The unbound fraction averages 2.3 to 4.1% at therapeutic concentrations.
The onset of diuresis following intravenous administration is within 5 minutes and somewhat later after intramuscular administration. The peak effect occurs within the first half hour. The duration of diuretic effect is approximately 2 hours.
In fasted normal men, the mean bioavailability of furosemide from furosemide tablets and furosemide solution is approximately 60% of that from an intravenous injection of the drug. Although furosemide is more rapidly absorbed from the oral solution than from the tablet, peak plasma levels and area under the plasma concentration-time curves do not differ significantly. Peak plasma concentrations increase with increasing dose but times-to-peak do not differ among doses. The terminal half-life of furosemide is approximately 2 hours.
Significantly more furosemide is excreted in urine following the IV injection than after the tablet or oral solution.

) [#title] => [#description] => [#children] =>

Recent evidence suggests that furosemide glucuronide is the only or at least the major biotransformation product of furosemide in man. Furosemide is extensively bound to plasma proteins, mainly to albumin. Plasma concentrations ranging from 1 to 400 mcg/mL are 91 to 99% bound in healthy individuals. The unbound fraction averages 2.3 to 4.1% at therapeutic concentrations.
The onset of diuresis following intravenous administration is within 5 minutes and somewhat later after intramuscular administration. The peak effect occurs within the first half hour. The duration of diuretic effect is approximately 2 hours.
In fasted normal men, the mean bioavailability of furosemide from furosemide tablets and furosemide solution is approximately 60% of that from an intravenous injection of the drug. Although furosemide is more rapidly absorbed from the oral solution than from the tablet, peak plasma levels and area under the plasma concentration-time curves do not differ significantly. Peak plasma concentrations increase with increasing dose but times-to-peak do not differ among doses. The terminal half-life of furosemide is approximately 2 hours.
Significantly more furosemide is excreted in urine following the IV injection than after the tablet or oral solution.

[#printed] => 1 ) [#single] => 1 [#attributes] => Array ( ) [#required] => [#parents] => Array ( ) [#tree] => [#context] => full [#page] => 1 [#field_name] => field_pharmacokinetics [#title] => Pharmacokinetics [#access] => 1 [#label_display] => above [#teaser] => [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type] => content_field [#children] =>

Recent evidence suggests that furosemide glucuronide is the only or at least the major biotransformation product of furosemide in man. Furosemide is extensively bound to plasma proteins, mainly to albumin. Plasma concentrations ranging from 1 to 400 mcg/mL are 91 to 99% bound in healthy individuals. The unbound fraction averages 2.3 to 4.1% at therapeutic concentrations.
The onset of diuresis following intravenous administration is within 5 minutes and somewhat later after intramuscular administration. The peak effect occurs within the first half hour. The duration of diuretic effect is approximately 2 hours.
In fasted normal men, the mean bioavailability of furosemide from furosemide tablets and furosemide solution is approximately 60% of that from an intravenous injection of the drug. Although furosemide is more rapidly absorbed from the oral solution than from the tablet, peak plasma levels and area under the plasma concentration-time curves do not differ significantly. Peak plasma concentrations increase with increasing dose but times-to-peak do not differ among doses. The terminal half-life of furosemide is approximately 2 hours.
Significantly more furosemide is excreted in urine following the IV injection than after the tablet or oral solution.

[#printed] => 1 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#children] =>
Pharmacokinetics: 

Recent evidence suggests that furosemide glucuronide is the only or at least the major biotransformation product of furosemide in man. Furosemide is extensively bound to plasma proteins, mainly to albumin. Plasma concentrations ranging from 1 to 400 mcg/mL are 91 to 99% bound in healthy individuals. The unbound fraction averages 2.3 to 4.1% at therapeutic concentrations.
The onset of diuresis following intravenous administration is within 5 minutes and somewhat later after intramuscular administration. The peak effect occurs within the first half hour. The duration of diuretic effect is approximately 2 hours.
In fasted normal men, the mean bioavailability of furosemide from furosemide tablets and furosemide solution is approximately 60% of that from an intravenous injection of the drug. Although furosemide is more rapidly absorbed from the oral solution than from the tablet, peak plasma levels and area under the plasma concentration-time curves do not differ significantly. Peak plasma concentrations increase with increasing dose but times-to-peak do not differ among doses. The terminal half-life of furosemide is approximately 2 hours.
Significantly more furosemide is excreted in urine following the IV injection than after the tablet or oral solution.

[#printed] => 1 ) [field_indications] => Array ( [#type_name] => product [#context] => full [#field_name] => field_indications [#post_render] => Array ( [0] => content_field_wrapper_post_render ) [#weight] => 5 [field] => Array ( [#description] => [items] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [#formatter] => default [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type_name] => product [#field_name] => field_indications [#weight] => 0 [#theme] => text_formatter_default [#item] => Array ( [value] => Furosemide is indicated in adults and pediatric patients for the treatment of edema associated with congestive heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver, and renal disease, including the nephrotic syndrome. Furosemide is particularly useful when an agent with greater diuretic potential is desired. Furosemide is indicated as adjunctive therapy in acute pulmonary edema. The intravenous administration of furosemide is indicated when a rapid onset of diuresis is desired, e.g., in acute pulmonary edema. If gastrointestinal absorption is impaired or oral medication is not practical for any reason, furosemide is indicated by the intravenous or intramuscular route. Parenteral use should be replaced with oral furosemide as soon as practical. [format] => 1 [safe] =>

Furosemide is indicated in adults and pediatric patients for the treatment of edema associated with congestive heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver, and renal disease, including the nephrotic syndrome. Furosemide is particularly useful when an agent with greater diuretic potential is desired.
Furosemide is indicated as adjunctive therapy in acute pulmonary edema. The intravenous administration of furosemide is indicated when a rapid onset of diuresis is desired, e.g., in acute pulmonary edema.

If gastrointestinal absorption is impaired or oral medication is not practical for any reason, furosemide is indicated by the intravenous or intramuscular route. Parenteral use should be replaced with oral furosemide as soon as practical.

[#delta] => 0 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#theme_used] => 1 [#printed] => 1 [#type] => [#value] => [#prefix] => [#suffix] => [#children] =>

Furosemide is indicated in adults and pediatric patients for the treatment of edema associated with congestive heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver, and renal disease, including the nephrotic syndrome. Furosemide is particularly useful when an agent with greater diuretic potential is desired.
Furosemide is indicated as adjunctive therapy in acute pulmonary edema. The intravenous administration of furosemide is indicated when a rapid onset of diuresis is desired, e.g., in acute pulmonary edema.

If gastrointestinal absorption is impaired or oral medication is not practical for any reason, furosemide is indicated by the intravenous or intramuscular route. Parenteral use should be replaced with oral furosemide as soon as practical.

) [#title] => [#description] => [#children] =>

Furosemide is indicated in adults and pediatric patients for the treatment of edema associated with congestive heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver, and renal disease, including the nephrotic syndrome. Furosemide is particularly useful when an agent with greater diuretic potential is desired.
Furosemide is indicated as adjunctive therapy in acute pulmonary edema. The intravenous administration of furosemide is indicated when a rapid onset of diuresis is desired, e.g., in acute pulmonary edema.

If gastrointestinal absorption is impaired or oral medication is not practical for any reason, furosemide is indicated by the intravenous or intramuscular route. Parenteral use should be replaced with oral furosemide as soon as practical.

[#printed] => 1 ) [#single] => 1 [#attributes] => Array ( ) [#required] => [#parents] => Array ( ) [#tree] => [#context] => full [#page] => 1 [#field_name] => field_indications [#title] => Indications [#access] => 1 [#label_display] => above [#teaser] => [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type] => content_field [#children] =>

Furosemide is indicated in adults and pediatric patients for the treatment of edema associated with congestive heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver, and renal disease, including the nephrotic syndrome. Furosemide is particularly useful when an agent with greater diuretic potential is desired.
Furosemide is indicated as adjunctive therapy in acute pulmonary edema. The intravenous administration of furosemide is indicated when a rapid onset of diuresis is desired, e.g., in acute pulmonary edema.

If gastrointestinal absorption is impaired or oral medication is not practical for any reason, furosemide is indicated by the intravenous or intramuscular route. Parenteral use should be replaced with oral furosemide as soon as practical.

[#printed] => 1 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#children] =>
Indications: 

Furosemide is indicated in adults and pediatric patients for the treatment of edema associated with congestive heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver, and renal disease, including the nephrotic syndrome. Furosemide is particularly useful when an agent with greater diuretic potential is desired.
Furosemide is indicated as adjunctive therapy in acute pulmonary edema. The intravenous administration of furosemide is indicated when a rapid onset of diuresis is desired, e.g., in acute pulmonary edema.

If gastrointestinal absorption is impaired or oral medication is not practical for any reason, furosemide is indicated by the intravenous or intramuscular route. Parenteral use should be replaced with oral furosemide as soon as practical.

[#printed] => 1 ) [field_administration_and_dosage] => Array ( [#type_name] => product [#context] => full [#field_name] => field_administration_and_dosage [#post_render] => Array ( [0] => content_field_wrapper_post_render ) [#weight] => 6 [field] => Array ( [#description] => [items] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [#formatter] => default [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type_name] => product [#field_name] => field_administration_and_dosage [#weight] => 0 [#theme] => text_formatter_default [#item] => Array ( [value] => [format] => [safe] => [#delta] => 0 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#theme_used] => 1 [#printed] => 1 [#type] => [#value] => [#prefix] => [#suffix] => ) [#title] => [#description] => [#printed] => 1 ) [#single] => 1 [#attributes] => Array ( ) [#required] => [#parents] => Array ( ) [#tree] => [#context] => full [#page] => 1 [#field_name] => field_administration_and_dosage [#title] => Administration and Dosage [#access] => 1 [#label_display] => above [#teaser] => [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type] => content_field [#printed] => 1 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#printed] => 1 ) [field_contraindications] => Array ( [#type_name] => product [#context] => full [#field_name] => field_contraindications [#post_render] => Array ( [0] => content_field_wrapper_post_render ) [#weight] => 7 [field] => Array ( [#description] => [items] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [#formatter] => default [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type_name] => product [#field_name] => field_contraindications [#weight] => 0 [#theme] => text_formatter_default [#item] => Array ( [value] => Furosemide Injection is contraindicated in patients with anuria and in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to furosemide. [format] => 1 [safe] =>

Furosemide Injection is contraindicated in patients with anuria and in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to furosemide.

[#delta] => 0 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#theme_used] => 1 [#printed] => 1 [#type] => [#value] => [#prefix] => [#suffix] => [#children] =>

Furosemide Injection is contraindicated in patients with anuria and in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to furosemide.

) [#title] => [#description] => [#children] =>

Furosemide Injection is contraindicated in patients with anuria and in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to furosemide.

[#printed] => 1 ) [#single] => 1 [#attributes] => Array ( ) [#required] => [#parents] => Array ( ) [#tree] => [#context] => full [#page] => 1 [#field_name] => field_contraindications [#title] => Contraindications [#access] => 1 [#label_display] => above [#teaser] => [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type] => content_field [#children] =>

Furosemide Injection is contraindicated in patients with anuria and in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to furosemide.

[#printed] => 1 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#children] =>
Contraindications: 

Furosemide Injection is contraindicated in patients with anuria and in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to furosemide.

[#printed] => 1 ) [field_precautions] => Array ( [#type_name] => product [#context] => full [#field_name] => field_precautions [#post_render] => Array ( [0] => content_field_wrapper_post_render ) [#weight] => 8 [field] => Array ( [#description] => [items] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [#formatter] => default [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type_name] => product [#field_name] => field_precautions [#weight] => 0 [#theme] => text_formatter_default [#item] => Array ( [value] => Excessive diuresis may cause dehydration and blood volume reduction with circulatory collapse and possibly vascular thrombosis and embolism, particularly in elderly patients. As with any effective diuretic, electrolyte depletion may occur during furosemide therapy, especially in patients receiving higher doses and a restricted salt intake. Hypokalemia may develop with furosemide, especially with brisk diuresis, inadequate oral electrolyte intake, when cirrhosis is present, or during concomitant use of corticosteroids, ACTH, licorice in large amounts, or prolonged use of laxatives. Digitalis therapy may exaggerate metabolic effects of hypokalemia, especially myocardial effects. All patients receiving furosemide therapy should be observed for these signs or symptoms of fluid or electrolyte imbalance (hyponatremia, hypochloremic alkalosis, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, or hypocalcemia): dryness of mouth, thirst, weakness, lethargy, drowsiness, restlessness, muscle pains or cramps, muscular fatigue, hypotension, oliguria, tachycardia, arrhythmia, or gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea and vomiting. Increases in blood glucose and alterations in glucose tolerance tests (with abnormalities of the fasting and 2-hour postprandial sugar) have been observed, and rarely, precipitation of diabetes mellitus has been reported. In patients with severe symptoms of urinary retention (because of bladder emptying disorders, prostatic hyperplasia, urethral narrowing), the administration of furosemide can cause acute urinary retention related to increased production and retention of urine. Thus, these patients require careful monitoring, especially during the initial stages of treatment. In patients at high risk for radiocontrast nephropathy, furosemide can lead to a higher incidence of deterioration in renal function after receiving radiocontrast compared to high-risk patients who received only intravenous hydration prior to receiving radiocontrast. In patients with hypoproteinemia (e.g., associated with nephrotic syndrome) the effect of furosemide may be weakened and its ototoxicity potentiated. Asymptomatic hyperuricemia can occur and gout may rarely be precipitated. Patients allergic to sulfonamides may also be allergic to furosemide. The possibility exists of exacerbation or activation of systemic lupus erythematosus. As with many other drugs, patients should be observed regularly for the possible occurrence of blood dyscrasias, liver or kidney damage, or other idiosyncratic reactions. [format] => 1 [safe] =>

Excessive diuresis may cause dehydration and blood volume reduction with circulatory collapse and possibly vascular thrombosis and embolism, particularly in elderly patients. As with any effective diuretic, electrolyte depletion may occur during furosemide therapy, especially in patients receiving higher doses and a restricted salt intake. Hypokalemia may develop with furosemide, especially with brisk diuresis, inadequate oral electrolyte intake, when cirrhosis is present, or during concomitant use of corticosteroids, ACTH, licorice in large amounts, or prolonged use of laxatives. Digitalis therapy may exaggerate metabolic effects of hypokalemia, especially myocardial effects.

All patients receiving furosemide therapy should be observed for these signs or symptoms of fluid or electrolyte imbalance (hyponatremia, hypochloremic alkalosis, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, or hypocalcemia): dryness of mouth, thirst, weakness, lethargy, drowsiness, restlessness, muscle pains or cramps, muscular fatigue, hypotension, oliguria, tachycardia, arrhythmia, or gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea and vomiting.

Increases in blood glucose and alterations in glucose tolerance tests (with abnormalities of the fasting and 2-hour postprandial sugar) have been observed, and rarely, precipitation of diabetes mellitus has been reported.

In patients with severe symptoms of urinary retention (because of bladder emptying disorders, prostatic hyperplasia, urethral narrowing), the administration of furosemide can cause acute urinary retention related to increased production and retention of urine. Thus, these patients require careful monitoring, especially during the initial stages of treatment.

In patients at high risk for radiocontrast nephropathy, furosemide can lead to a higher incidence of deterioration in renal function after receiving radiocontrast compared to high-risk patients who received only intravenous hydration prior to receiving radiocontrast.
In patients with hypoproteinemia (e.g., associated with nephrotic syndrome) the effect of furosemide may be weakened and its ototoxicity potentiated.
Asymptomatic hyperuricemia can occur and gout may rarely be precipitated.

Patients allergic to sulfonamides may also be allergic to furosemide.

The possibility exists of exacerbation or activation of systemic lupus erythematosus.
As with many other drugs, patients should be observed regularly for the possible occurrence of blood dyscrasias, liver or kidney damage, or other idiosyncratic reactions.

[#delta] => 0 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#theme_used] => 1 [#printed] => 1 [#type] => [#value] => [#prefix] => [#suffix] => [#children] =>

Excessive diuresis may cause dehydration and blood volume reduction with circulatory collapse and possibly vascular thrombosis and embolism, particularly in elderly patients. As with any effective diuretic, electrolyte depletion may occur during furosemide therapy, especially in patients receiving higher doses and a restricted salt intake. Hypokalemia may develop with furosemide, especially with brisk diuresis, inadequate oral electrolyte intake, when cirrhosis is present, or during concomitant use of corticosteroids, ACTH, licorice in large amounts, or prolonged use of laxatives. Digitalis therapy may exaggerate metabolic effects of hypokalemia, especially myocardial effects.

All patients receiving furosemide therapy should be observed for these signs or symptoms of fluid or electrolyte imbalance (hyponatremia, hypochloremic alkalosis, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, or hypocalcemia): dryness of mouth, thirst, weakness, lethargy, drowsiness, restlessness, muscle pains or cramps, muscular fatigue, hypotension, oliguria, tachycardia, arrhythmia, or gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea and vomiting.

Increases in blood glucose and alterations in glucose tolerance tests (with abnormalities of the fasting and 2-hour postprandial sugar) have been observed, and rarely, precipitation of diabetes mellitus has been reported.

In patients with severe symptoms of urinary retention (because of bladder emptying disorders, prostatic hyperplasia, urethral narrowing), the administration of furosemide can cause acute urinary retention related to increased production and retention of urine. Thus, these patients require careful monitoring, especially during the initial stages of treatment.

In patients at high risk for radiocontrast nephropathy, furosemide can lead to a higher incidence of deterioration in renal function after receiving radiocontrast compared to high-risk patients who received only intravenous hydration prior to receiving radiocontrast.
In patients with hypoproteinemia (e.g., associated with nephrotic syndrome) the effect of furosemide may be weakened and its ototoxicity potentiated.
Asymptomatic hyperuricemia can occur and gout may rarely be precipitated.

Patients allergic to sulfonamides may also be allergic to furosemide.

The possibility exists of exacerbation or activation of systemic lupus erythematosus.
As with many other drugs, patients should be observed regularly for the possible occurrence of blood dyscrasias, liver or kidney damage, or other idiosyncratic reactions.

) [#title] => [#description] => [#children] =>

Excessive diuresis may cause dehydration and blood volume reduction with circulatory collapse and possibly vascular thrombosis and embolism, particularly in elderly patients. As with any effective diuretic, electrolyte depletion may occur during furosemide therapy, especially in patients receiving higher doses and a restricted salt intake. Hypokalemia may develop with furosemide, especially with brisk diuresis, inadequate oral electrolyte intake, when cirrhosis is present, or during concomitant use of corticosteroids, ACTH, licorice in large amounts, or prolonged use of laxatives. Digitalis therapy may exaggerate metabolic effects of hypokalemia, especially myocardial effects.

All patients receiving furosemide therapy should be observed for these signs or symptoms of fluid or electrolyte imbalance (hyponatremia, hypochloremic alkalosis, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, or hypocalcemia): dryness of mouth, thirst, weakness, lethargy, drowsiness, restlessness, muscle pains or cramps, muscular fatigue, hypotension, oliguria, tachycardia, arrhythmia, or gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea and vomiting.

Increases in blood glucose and alterations in glucose tolerance tests (with abnormalities of the fasting and 2-hour postprandial sugar) have been observed, and rarely, precipitation of diabetes mellitus has been reported.

In patients with severe symptoms of urinary retention (because of bladder emptying disorders, prostatic hyperplasia, urethral narrowing), the administration of furosemide can cause acute urinary retention related to increased production and retention of urine. Thus, these patients require careful monitoring, especially during the initial stages of treatment.

In patients at high risk for radiocontrast nephropathy, furosemide can lead to a higher incidence of deterioration in renal function after receiving radiocontrast compared to high-risk patients who received only intravenous hydration prior to receiving radiocontrast.
In patients with hypoproteinemia (e.g., associated with nephrotic syndrome) the effect of furosemide may be weakened and its ototoxicity potentiated.
Asymptomatic hyperuricemia can occur and gout may rarely be precipitated.

Patients allergic to sulfonamides may also be allergic to furosemide.

The possibility exists of exacerbation or activation of systemic lupus erythematosus.
As with many other drugs, patients should be observed regularly for the possible occurrence of blood dyscrasias, liver or kidney damage, or other idiosyncratic reactions.

[#printed] => 1 ) [#single] => 1 [#attributes] => Array ( ) [#required] => [#parents] => Array ( ) [#tree] => [#context] => full [#page] => 1 [#field_name] => field_precautions [#title] => Precautions [#access] => 1 [#label_display] => above [#teaser] => [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type] => content_field [#children] =>

Excessive diuresis may cause dehydration and blood volume reduction with circulatory collapse and possibly vascular thrombosis and embolism, particularly in elderly patients. As with any effective diuretic, electrolyte depletion may occur during furosemide therapy, especially in patients receiving higher doses and a restricted salt intake. Hypokalemia may develop with furosemide, especially with brisk diuresis, inadequate oral electrolyte intake, when cirrhosis is present, or during concomitant use of corticosteroids, ACTH, licorice in large amounts, or prolonged use of laxatives. Digitalis therapy may exaggerate metabolic effects of hypokalemia, especially myocardial effects.

All patients receiving furosemide therapy should be observed for these signs or symptoms of fluid or electrolyte imbalance (hyponatremia, hypochloremic alkalosis, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, or hypocalcemia): dryness of mouth, thirst, weakness, lethargy, drowsiness, restlessness, muscle pains or cramps, muscular fatigue, hypotension, oliguria, tachycardia, arrhythmia, or gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea and vomiting.

Increases in blood glucose and alterations in glucose tolerance tests (with abnormalities of the fasting and 2-hour postprandial sugar) have been observed, and rarely, precipitation of diabetes mellitus has been reported.

In patients with severe symptoms of urinary retention (because of bladder emptying disorders, prostatic hyperplasia, urethral narrowing), the administration of furosemide can cause acute urinary retention related to increased production and retention of urine. Thus, these patients require careful monitoring, especially during the initial stages of treatment.

In patients at high risk for radiocontrast nephropathy, furosemide can lead to a higher incidence of deterioration in renal function after receiving radiocontrast compared to high-risk patients who received only intravenous hydration prior to receiving radiocontrast.
In patients with hypoproteinemia (e.g., associated with nephrotic syndrome) the effect of furosemide may be weakened and its ototoxicity potentiated.
Asymptomatic hyperuricemia can occur and gout may rarely be precipitated.

Patients allergic to sulfonamides may also be allergic to furosemide.

The possibility exists of exacerbation or activation of systemic lupus erythematosus.
As with many other drugs, patients should be observed regularly for the possible occurrence of blood dyscrasias, liver or kidney damage, or other idiosyncratic reactions.

[#printed] => 1 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#children] =>
Precautions: 

Excessive diuresis may cause dehydration and blood volume reduction with circulatory collapse and possibly vascular thrombosis and embolism, particularly in elderly patients. As with any effective diuretic, electrolyte depletion may occur during furosemide therapy, especially in patients receiving higher doses and a restricted salt intake. Hypokalemia may develop with furosemide, especially with brisk diuresis, inadequate oral electrolyte intake, when cirrhosis is present, or during concomitant use of corticosteroids, ACTH, licorice in large amounts, or prolonged use of laxatives. Digitalis therapy may exaggerate metabolic effects of hypokalemia, especially myocardial effects.

All patients receiving furosemide therapy should be observed for these signs or symptoms of fluid or electrolyte imbalance (hyponatremia, hypochloremic alkalosis, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, or hypocalcemia): dryness of mouth, thirst, weakness, lethargy, drowsiness, restlessness, muscle pains or cramps, muscular fatigue, hypotension, oliguria, tachycardia, arrhythmia, or gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea and vomiting.

Increases in blood glucose and alterations in glucose tolerance tests (with abnormalities of the fasting and 2-hour postprandial sugar) have been observed, and rarely, precipitation of diabetes mellitus has been reported.

In patients with severe symptoms of urinary retention (because of bladder emptying disorders, prostatic hyperplasia, urethral narrowing), the administration of furosemide can cause acute urinary retention related to increased production and retention of urine. Thus, these patients require careful monitoring, especially during the initial stages of treatment.

In patients at high risk for radiocontrast nephropathy, furosemide can lead to a higher incidence of deterioration in renal function after receiving radiocontrast compared to high-risk patients who received only intravenous hydration prior to receiving radiocontrast.
In patients with hypoproteinemia (e.g., associated with nephrotic syndrome) the effect of furosemide may be weakened and its ototoxicity potentiated.
Asymptomatic hyperuricemia can occur and gout may rarely be precipitated.

Patients allergic to sulfonamides may also be allergic to furosemide.

The possibility exists of exacerbation or activation of systemic lupus erythematosus.
As with many other drugs, patients should be observed regularly for the possible occurrence of blood dyscrasias, liver or kidney damage, or other idiosyncratic reactions.

[#printed] => 1 ) [field_drug_interactions] => Array ( [#type_name] => product [#context] => full [#field_name] => field_drug_interactions [#post_render] => Array ( [0] => content_field_wrapper_post_render ) [#weight] => 9 [field] => Array ( [#description] => [items] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [#formatter] => default [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type_name] => product [#field_name] => field_drug_interactions [#weight] => 0 [#theme] => text_formatter_default [#item] => Array ( [value] => • cisplatin ; • cyclosporine ( Sandimmune); • ethacrynic acid ; • lithium ; • methotrexate ; • phenytoin (Dilantin); • an antibiotic such as amikacin , cefdinir , cefprozil , cefuroxime , cephalexin , gentamicin , kanamycin , neomycin , streptomycin, tobramycin ; • heart or blood pressure medication such as amiodarone , benazepril , candesartan , eprosartan , enalapril , irbesartan , lisinopril , losartan , olmesartan , quinapril , ramipri, telmisartan , valsartan , and others; • a laxative (Metamucil, Milk of Magnesia, Colace, Dulcolax, Epsom salts, senna, and others) • salicylates such as aspirin, Disalcid, Doan's Pills, Dolobid, Salflex, Tricosal, and others; or • steroids (prednisone and others). [format] => 1 [safe] =>

• cisplatin ;
• cyclosporine ( Sandimmune);
• ethacrynic acid ;
• lithium ;
• methotrexate ;
• phenytoin (Dilantin);
• an antibiotic such as amikacin , cefdinir , cefprozil , cefuroxime , cephalexin , gentamicin , kanamycin , neomycin , streptomycin, tobramycin ;
• heart or blood pressure medication such as amiodarone , benazepril , candesartan , eprosartan , enalapril , irbesartan , lisinopril , losartan , olmesartan , quinapril , ramipri, telmisartan , valsartan , and others;
• a laxative (Metamucil, Milk of Magnesia, Colace, Dulcolax, Epsom salts, senna, and others)
• salicylates such as aspirin, Disalcid, Doan's Pills, Dolobid, Salflex, Tricosal, and others; or
• steroids (prednisone and others).

[#delta] => 0 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#theme_used] => 1 [#printed] => 1 [#type] => [#value] => [#prefix] => [#suffix] => [#children] =>

• cisplatin ;
• cyclosporine ( Sandimmune);
• ethacrynic acid ;
• lithium ;
• methotrexate ;
• phenytoin (Dilantin);
• an antibiotic such as amikacin , cefdinir , cefprozil , cefuroxime , cephalexin , gentamicin , kanamycin , neomycin , streptomycin, tobramycin ;
• heart or blood pressure medication such as amiodarone , benazepril , candesartan , eprosartan , enalapril , irbesartan , lisinopril , losartan , olmesartan , quinapril , ramipri, telmisartan , valsartan , and others;
• a laxative (Metamucil, Milk of Magnesia, Colace, Dulcolax, Epsom salts, senna, and others)
• salicylates such as aspirin, Disalcid, Doan's Pills, Dolobid, Salflex, Tricosal, and others; or
• steroids (prednisone and others).

) [#title] => [#description] => [#children] =>

• cisplatin ;
• cyclosporine ( Sandimmune);
• ethacrynic acid ;
• lithium ;
• methotrexate ;
• phenytoin (Dilantin);
• an antibiotic such as amikacin , cefdinir , cefprozil , cefuroxime , cephalexin , gentamicin , kanamycin , neomycin , streptomycin, tobramycin ;
• heart or blood pressure medication such as amiodarone , benazepril , candesartan , eprosartan , enalapril , irbesartan , lisinopril , losartan , olmesartan , quinapril , ramipri, telmisartan , valsartan , and others;
• a laxative (Metamucil, Milk of Magnesia, Colace, Dulcolax, Epsom salts, senna, and others)
• salicylates such as aspirin, Disalcid, Doan's Pills, Dolobid, Salflex, Tricosal, and others; or
• steroids (prednisone and others).

[#printed] => 1 ) [#single] => 1 [#attributes] => Array ( ) [#required] => [#parents] => Array ( ) [#tree] => [#context] => full [#page] => 1 [#field_name] => field_drug_interactions [#title] => Drug Interactions [#access] => 1 [#label_display] => above [#teaser] => [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type] => content_field [#children] =>

• cisplatin ;
• cyclosporine ( Sandimmune);
• ethacrynic acid ;
• lithium ;
• methotrexate ;
• phenytoin (Dilantin);
• an antibiotic such as amikacin , cefdinir , cefprozil , cefuroxime , cephalexin , gentamicin , kanamycin , neomycin , streptomycin, tobramycin ;
• heart or blood pressure medication such as amiodarone , benazepril , candesartan , eprosartan , enalapril , irbesartan , lisinopril , losartan , olmesartan , quinapril , ramipri, telmisartan , valsartan , and others;
• a laxative (Metamucil, Milk of Magnesia, Colace, Dulcolax, Epsom salts, senna, and others)
• salicylates such as aspirin, Disalcid, Doan's Pills, Dolobid, Salflex, Tricosal, and others; or
• steroids (prednisone and others).

[#printed] => 1 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#children] =>
Drug Interactions: 

• cisplatin ;
• cyclosporine ( Sandimmune);
• ethacrynic acid ;
• lithium ;
• methotrexate ;
• phenytoin (Dilantin);
• an antibiotic such as amikacin , cefdinir , cefprozil , cefuroxime , cephalexin , gentamicin , kanamycin , neomycin , streptomycin, tobramycin ;
• heart or blood pressure medication such as amiodarone , benazepril , candesartan , eprosartan , enalapril , irbesartan , lisinopril , losartan , olmesartan , quinapril , ramipri, telmisartan , valsartan , and others;
• a laxative (Metamucil, Milk of Magnesia, Colace, Dulcolax, Epsom salts, senna, and others)
• salicylates such as aspirin, Disalcid, Doan's Pills, Dolobid, Salflex, Tricosal, and others; or
• steroids (prednisone and others).

[#printed] => 1 ) [field_side_effects] => Array ( [#type_name] => product [#context] => full [#field_name] => field_side_effects [#post_render] => Array ( [0] => content_field_wrapper_post_render ) [#weight] => 10 [field] => Array ( [#description] => [items] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [#formatter] => default [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type_name] => product [#field_name] => field_side_effects [#weight] => 0 [#theme] => text_formatter_default [#item] => Array ( [value] => • ringing in your ears, hearing loss; • itching, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes); • severe pain in your upper stomach spreading to your back, nausea and vomiting; • weight loss, body aches, numbness; • swelling, rapid weight gain, urinating less than usual or not at all; • chest pain, new or worsening cough with fever, trouble breathing; • pale skin, bruising, unusual bleeding, feeling light-headed, rapid heart rate, trouble concentrating; • low potassium (confusion, uneven heart rate, leg discomfort, muscle weakness or limp feeling); • low calcium (tingly feeling around your mouth, muscle tightness or contraction, overactive reflexes); • headache, feeling unsteady, weak or shallow breathing; or • severe skin reaction -- fever, sore throat, swelling in your face or tongue, burning in your eyes, skin pain, followed by a red or purple skin rash that spreads (especially in the face or upper body) and causes blistering and peeling. Less serious furosemide side effects may include: • diarrhea, constipation, stomach pain; • dizziness, spinning sensation; or • mild itching or rash. [format] => 1 [safe] =>

• ringing in your ears, hearing loss;
• itching, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes);
• severe pain in your upper stomach spreading to your back, nausea and vomiting;
• weight loss, body aches, numbness;
• swelling, rapid weight gain, urinating less than usual or not at all;
• chest pain, new or worsening cough with fever, trouble breathing;
• pale skin, bruising, unusual bleeding, feeling light-headed, rapid heart rate, trouble concentrating;
• low potassium (confusion, uneven heart rate, leg discomfort, muscle weakness or limp feeling);
• low calcium (tingly feeling around your mouth, muscle tightness or contraction, overactive reflexes);
• headache, feeling unsteady, weak or shallow breathing; or
• severe skin reaction -- fever, sore throat, swelling in your face or tongue, burning in your eyes, skin pain, followed by a red or purple skin rash that

spreads (especially in the face or upper body) and causes blistering and peeling.
Less serious furosemide side effects may include:
• diarrhea, constipation, stomach pain;
• dizziness, spinning sensation; or
• mild itching or rash.

[#delta] => 0 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#theme_used] => 1 [#printed] => 1 [#type] => [#value] => [#prefix] => [#suffix] => [#children] =>

• ringing in your ears, hearing loss;
• itching, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes);
• severe pain in your upper stomach spreading to your back, nausea and vomiting;
• weight loss, body aches, numbness;
• swelling, rapid weight gain, urinating less than usual or not at all;
• chest pain, new or worsening cough with fever, trouble breathing;
• pale skin, bruising, unusual bleeding, feeling light-headed, rapid heart rate, trouble concentrating;
• low potassium (confusion, uneven heart rate, leg discomfort, muscle weakness or limp feeling);
• low calcium (tingly feeling around your mouth, muscle tightness or contraction, overactive reflexes);
• headache, feeling unsteady, weak or shallow breathing; or
• severe skin reaction -- fever, sore throat, swelling in your face or tongue, burning in your eyes, skin pain, followed by a red or purple skin rash that

spreads (especially in the face or upper body) and causes blistering and peeling.
Less serious furosemide side effects may include:
• diarrhea, constipation, stomach pain;
• dizziness, spinning sensation; or
• mild itching or rash.

) [#title] => [#description] => [#children] =>

• ringing in your ears, hearing loss;
• itching, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes);
• severe pain in your upper stomach spreading to your back, nausea and vomiting;
• weight loss, body aches, numbness;
• swelling, rapid weight gain, urinating less than usual or not at all;
• chest pain, new or worsening cough with fever, trouble breathing;
• pale skin, bruising, unusual bleeding, feeling light-headed, rapid heart rate, trouble concentrating;
• low potassium (confusion, uneven heart rate, leg discomfort, muscle weakness or limp feeling);
• low calcium (tingly feeling around your mouth, muscle tightness or contraction, overactive reflexes);
• headache, feeling unsteady, weak or shallow breathing; or
• severe skin reaction -- fever, sore throat, swelling in your face or tongue, burning in your eyes, skin pain, followed by a red or purple skin rash that

spreads (especially in the face or upper body) and causes blistering and peeling.
Less serious furosemide side effects may include:
• diarrhea, constipation, stomach pain;
• dizziness, spinning sensation; or
• mild itching or rash.

[#printed] => 1 ) [#single] => 1 [#attributes] => Array ( ) [#required] => [#parents] => Array ( ) [#tree] => [#context] => full [#page] => 1 [#field_name] => field_side_effects [#title] => Side Effects [#access] => 1 [#label_display] => above [#teaser] => [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type] => content_field [#children] =>

• ringing in your ears, hearing loss;
• itching, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes);
• severe pain in your upper stomach spreading to your back, nausea and vomiting;
• weight loss, body aches, numbness;
• swelling, rapid weight gain, urinating less than usual or not at all;
• chest pain, new or worsening cough with fever, trouble breathing;
• pale skin, bruising, unusual bleeding, feeling light-headed, rapid heart rate, trouble concentrating;
• low potassium (confusion, uneven heart rate, leg discomfort, muscle weakness or limp feeling);
• low calcium (tingly feeling around your mouth, muscle tightness or contraction, overactive reflexes);
• headache, feeling unsteady, weak or shallow breathing; or
• severe skin reaction -- fever, sore throat, swelling in your face or tongue, burning in your eyes, skin pain, followed by a red or purple skin rash that

spreads (especially in the face or upper body) and causes blistering and peeling.
Less serious furosemide side effects may include:
• diarrhea, constipation, stomach pain;
• dizziness, spinning sensation; or
• mild itching or rash.

[#printed] => 1 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#children] =>
Side Effects: 

• ringing in your ears, hearing loss;
• itching, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes);
• severe pain in your upper stomach spreading to your back, nausea and vomiting;
• weight loss, body aches, numbness;
• swelling, rapid weight gain, urinating less than usual or not at all;
• chest pain, new or worsening cough with fever, trouble breathing;
• pale skin, bruising, unusual bleeding, feeling light-headed, rapid heart rate, trouble concentrating;
• low potassium (confusion, uneven heart rate, leg discomfort, muscle weakness or limp feeling);
• low calcium (tingly feeling around your mouth, muscle tightness or contraction, overactive reflexes);
• headache, feeling unsteady, weak or shallow breathing; or
• severe skin reaction -- fever, sore throat, swelling in your face or tongue, burning in your eyes, skin pain, followed by a red or purple skin rash that

spreads (especially in the face or upper body) and causes blistering and peeling.
Less serious furosemide side effects may include:
• diarrhea, constipation, stomach pain;
• dizziness, spinning sensation; or
• mild itching or rash.

[#printed] => 1 ) [field_storage] => Array ( [#type_name] => product [#context] => full [#field_name] => field_storage [#post_render] => Array ( [0] => content_field_wrapper_post_render ) [#weight] => 11 [field] => Array ( [#description] => [items] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [#formatter] => default [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type_name] => product [#field_name] => field_storage [#weight] => 0 [#theme] => text_formatter_default [#item] => Array ( [value] => • Store below 30 C° • Protect from light and freezing [format] => 1 [safe] =>

• Store below 30 C°
• Protect from light and freezing

[#delta] => 0 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#theme_used] => 1 [#printed] => 1 [#type] => [#value] => [#prefix] => [#suffix] => [#children] =>

• Store below 30 C°
• Protect from light and freezing

) [#title] => [#description] => [#children] =>

• Store below 30 C°
• Protect from light and freezing

[#printed] => 1 ) [#single] => 1 [#attributes] => Array ( ) [#required] => [#parents] => Array ( ) [#tree] => [#context] => full [#page] => 1 [#field_name] => field_storage [#title] => Storage [#access] => 1 [#label_display] => above [#teaser] => [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type] => content_field [#children] =>

• Store below 30 C°
• Protect from light and freezing

[#printed] => 1 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#children] =>
Storage: 

• Store below 30 C°
• Protect from light and freezing

[#printed] => 1 ) [field_packing] => Array ( [#type_name] => product [#context] => full [#field_name] => field_packing [#post_render] => Array ( [0] => content_field_wrapper_post_render ) [#weight] => 12 [field] => Array ( [#description] => [items] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [#formatter] => default [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type_name] => product [#field_name] => field_packing [#weight] => 0 [#theme] => text_formatter_default [#item] => Array ( [value] => • Injection 20mg/2ml, Injection 40mg/4ml: Box of 5 ampoules (40mg/4ml Ampoule) • Box of 10 ampoules (20mg/2ml Ampoule) [format] => 1 [safe] =>

• Injection 20mg/2ml, Injection 40mg/4ml: Box of 5 ampoules (40mg/4ml Ampoule) • Box of 10 ampoules (20mg/2ml Ampoule)

[#delta] => 0 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#theme_used] => 1 [#printed] => 1 [#type] => [#value] => [#prefix] => [#suffix] => [#children] =>

• Injection 20mg/2ml, Injection 40mg/4ml: Box of 5 ampoules (40mg/4ml Ampoule) • Box of 10 ampoules (20mg/2ml Ampoule)

) [#title] => [#description] => [#children] =>

• Injection 20mg/2ml, Injection 40mg/4ml: Box of 5 ampoules (40mg/4ml Ampoule) • Box of 10 ampoules (20mg/2ml Ampoule)

[#printed] => 1 ) [#single] => 1 [#attributes] => Array ( ) [#required] => [#parents] => Array ( ) [#tree] => [#context] => full [#page] => 1 [#field_name] => field_packing [#title] => Packing [#access] => 1 [#label_display] => above [#teaser] => [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type] => content_field [#children] =>

• Injection 20mg/2ml, Injection 40mg/4ml: Box of 5 ampoules (40mg/4ml Ampoule) • Box of 10 ampoules (20mg/2ml Ampoule)

[#printed] => 1 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#children] =>
Packing: 

• Injection 20mg/2ml, Injection 40mg/4ml: Box of 5 ampoules (40mg/4ml Ampoule) • Box of 10 ampoules (20mg/2ml Ampoule)

[#printed] => 1 ) [field_references] => Array ( [#type_name] => product [#context] => full [#field_name] => field_references [#post_render] => Array ( [0] => content_field_wrapper_post_render ) [#weight] => 13 [field] => Array ( [#description] => [items] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [#formatter] => default [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type_name] => product [#field_name] => field_references [#weight] => 0 [#theme] => text_formatter_default [#item] => Array ( [value] => [format] => [safe] => [#delta] => 0 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#theme_used] => 1 [#printed] => 1 [#type] => [#value] => [#prefix] => [#suffix] => ) [#title] => [#description] => [#printed] => 1 ) [#single] => 1 [#attributes] => Array ( ) [#required] => [#parents] => Array ( ) [#tree] => [#context] => full [#page] => 1 [#field_name] => field_references [#title] => References [#access] => 1 [#label_display] => above [#teaser] => [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type] => content_field [#printed] => 1 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#printed] => 1 ) [field_pdf] => Array ( [#type_name] => product [#context] => full [#field_name] => field_pdf [#post_render] => Array ( [0] => content_field_wrapper_post_render ) [#weight] => 14 [field] => Array ( [#description] => [items] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [#formatter] => default [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type_name] => product [#field_name] => field_pdf [#weight] => 0 [#theme] => filefield_formatter_default [#item] => Array ( [fid] => 197 [uid] => 1 [filename] => furosemide.pdf [filepath] => sites/default/files/pdf/furosemide.pdf [filemime] => application/pdf [filesize] => 187474 [status] => 1 [timestamp] => 1329492101 [list] => 1 [data] => [i18nsync] => 1 [nid] => 237 [#delta] => 0 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#theme_used] => 1 [#printed] => 1 [#type] => [#value] => [#prefix] => [#suffix] => [#children] => ) [#title] => [#description] => [#children] => [#printed] => 1 ) [#single] => 1 [#attributes] => Array ( ) [#required] => [#parents] => Array ( ) [#tree] => [#context] => full [#page] => 1 [#field_name] => field_pdf [#title] => PDF [#access] => 1 [#label_display] => above [#teaser] => [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type] => content_field [#children] => [#printed] => 1 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#children] => [#printed] => 1 ) [field_related_products] => Array ( [#type_name] => product [#context] => full [#field_name] => field_related_products [#post_render] => Array ( [0] => content_field_wrapper_post_render ) [#weight] => 15 [field] => Array ( [#description] => [items] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [#formatter] => default [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type_name] => product [#field_name] => field_related_products [#weight] => 0 [#theme] => nodereference_formatter_default [#item] => Array ( [nid] => [i18nsync] => 1 [safe] => Array ( ) [#delta] => 0 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#theme_used] => 1 [#printed] => 1 [#type] => [#value] => [#prefix] => [#suffix] => ) [1] => Array ( [#formatter] => default [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type_name] => product [#field_name] => field_related_products [#weight] => 1 [#theme] => nodereference_formatter_default [#item] => Array ( [nid] => [i18nsync] => 1 [safe] => Array ( ) [#delta] => 1 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#theme_used] => 1 [#printed] => 1 [#type] => [#value] => [#prefix] => [#suffix] => ) [2] => Array ( [#formatter] => default [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type_name] => product [#field_name] => field_related_products [#weight] => 2 [#theme] => nodereference_formatter_default [#item] => Array ( [nid] => [i18nsync] => 1 [safe] => Array ( ) [#delta] => 2 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#theme_used] => 1 [#printed] => 1 [#type] => [#value] => [#prefix] => [#suffix] => ) [#title] => [#description] => [#printed] => 1 ) [#single] => 1 [#attributes] => Array ( ) [#required] => [#parents] => Array ( ) [#tree] => [#context] => full [#page] => 1 [#field_name] => field_related_products [#title] => Related Products [#access] => 1 [#label_display] => above [#teaser] => [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type] => content_field [#printed] => 1 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#printed] => 1 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#children] =>
Image: 
Brand Name: 

ROSEMID®

Dosage Form: 

Injection 20mg/2ml, Injection 40mg/4ml

Pharmacological Category: 

Loop diuretics

Therapeutic Category: 

Antihypertensive Drugs

Pregnancy Category: 

Category C

Investigations into the mode of action of furosemide have utilized micropuncture studies in rats, stop flow experiments in dogs and various clearance studies in both humans and experimental animals.
It has been demonstrated that furosemide inhibits primarily the reabsorption of sodium and chloride not only in the proximal and distal tubules but also in the loop of Henle. The high degree of efficacy is largely due to this unique site of action. The action on the distal tubule is independent of any inhibitory effect on carbonic anhydrase and aldosterone.

Pharmacokinetics: 

Recent evidence suggests that furosemide glucuronide is the only or at least the major biotransformation product of furosemide in man. Furosemide is extensively bound to plasma proteins, mainly to albumin. Plasma concentrations ranging from 1 to 400 mcg/mL are 91 to 99% bound in healthy individuals. The unbound fraction averages 2.3 to 4.1% at therapeutic concentrations.
The onset of diuresis following intravenous administration is within 5 minutes and somewhat later after intramuscular administration. The peak effect occurs within the first half hour. The duration of diuretic effect is approximately 2 hours.
In fasted normal men, the mean bioavailability of furosemide from furosemide tablets and furosemide solution is approximately 60% of that from an intravenous injection of the drug. Although furosemide is more rapidly absorbed from the oral solution than from the tablet, peak plasma levels and area under the plasma concentration-time curves do not differ significantly. Peak plasma concentrations increase with increasing dose but times-to-peak do not differ among doses. The terminal half-life of furosemide is approximately 2 hours.
Significantly more furosemide is excreted in urine following the IV injection than after the tablet or oral solution.

Indications: 

Furosemide is indicated in adults and pediatric patients for the treatment of edema associated with congestive heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver, and renal disease, including the nephrotic syndrome. Furosemide is particularly useful when an agent with greater diuretic potential is desired.
Furosemide is indicated as adjunctive therapy in acute pulmonary edema. The intravenous administration of furosemide is indicated when a rapid onset of diuresis is desired, e.g., in acute pulmonary edema.

If gastrointestinal absorption is impaired or oral medication is not practical for any reason, furosemide is indicated by the intravenous or intramuscular route. Parenteral use should be replaced with oral furosemide as soon as practical.

Contraindications: 

Furosemide Injection is contraindicated in patients with anuria and in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to furosemide.

Precautions: 

Excessive diuresis may cause dehydration and blood volume reduction with circulatory collapse and possibly vascular thrombosis and embolism, particularly in elderly patients. As with any effective diuretic, electrolyte depletion may occur during furosemide therapy, especially in patients receiving higher doses and a restricted salt intake. Hypokalemia may develop with furosemide, especially with brisk diuresis, inadequate oral electrolyte intake, when cirrhosis is present, or during concomitant use of corticosteroids, ACTH, licorice in large amounts, or prolonged use of laxatives. Digitalis therapy may exaggerate metabolic effects of hypokalemia, especially myocardial effects.

All patients receiving furosemide therapy should be observed for these signs or symptoms of fluid or electrolyte imbalance (hyponatremia, hypochloremic alkalosis, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, or hypocalcemia): dryness of mouth, thirst, weakness, lethargy, drowsiness, restlessness, muscle pains or cramps, muscular fatigue, hypotension, oliguria, tachycardia, arrhythmia, or gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea and vomiting.

Increases in blood glucose and alterations in glucose tolerance tests (with abnormalities of the fasting and 2-hour postprandial sugar) have been observed, and rarely, precipitation of diabetes mellitus has been reported.

In patients with severe symptoms of urinary retention (because of bladder emptying disorders, prostatic hyperplasia, urethral narrowing), the administration of furosemide can cause acute urinary retention related to increased production and retention of urine. Thus, these patients require careful monitoring, especially during the initial stages of treatment.

In patients at high risk for radiocontrast nephropathy, furosemide can lead to a higher incidence of deterioration in renal function after receiving radiocontrast compared to high-risk patients who received only intravenous hydration prior to receiving radiocontrast.
In patients with hypoproteinemia (e.g., associated with nephrotic syndrome) the effect of furosemide may be weakened and its ototoxicity potentiated.
Asymptomatic hyperuricemia can occur and gout may rarely be precipitated.

Patients allergic to sulfonamides may also be allergic to furosemide.

The possibility exists of exacerbation or activation of systemic lupus erythematosus.
As with many other drugs, patients should be observed regularly for the possible occurrence of blood dyscrasias, liver or kidney damage, or other idiosyncratic reactions.

Drug Interactions: 

• cisplatin ;
• cyclosporine ( Sandimmune);
• ethacrynic acid ;
• lithium ;
• methotrexate ;
• phenytoin (Dilantin);
• an antibiotic such as amikacin , cefdinir , cefprozil , cefuroxime , cephalexin , gentamicin , kanamycin , neomycin , streptomycin, tobramycin ;
• heart or blood pressure medication such as amiodarone , benazepril , candesartan , eprosartan , enalapril , irbesartan , lisinopril , losartan , olmesartan , quinapril , ramipri, telmisartan , valsartan , and others;
• a laxative (Metamucil, Milk of Magnesia, Colace, Dulcolax, Epsom salts, senna, and others)
• salicylates such as aspirin, Disalcid, Doan's Pills, Dolobid, Salflex, Tricosal, and others; or
• steroids (prednisone and others).

Side Effects: 

• ringing in your ears, hearing loss;
• itching, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes);
• severe pain in your upper stomach spreading to your back, nausea and vomiting;
• weight loss, body aches, numbness;
• swelling, rapid weight gain, urinating less than usual or not at all;
• chest pain, new or worsening cough with fever, trouble breathing;
• pale skin, bruising, unusual bleeding, feeling light-headed, rapid heart rate, trouble concentrating;
• low potassium (confusion, uneven heart rate, leg discomfort, muscle weakness or limp feeling);
• low calcium (tingly feeling around your mouth, muscle tightness or contraction, overactive reflexes);
• headache, feeling unsteady, weak or shallow breathing; or
• severe skin reaction -- fever, sore throat, swelling in your face or tongue, burning in your eyes, skin pain, followed by a red or purple skin rash that

spreads (especially in the face or upper body) and causes blistering and peeling.
Less serious furosemide side effects may include:
• diarrhea, constipation, stomach pain;
• dizziness, spinning sensation; or
• mild itching or rash.

Storage: 

• Store below 30 C°
• Protect from light and freezing

Packing: 

• Injection 20mg/2ml, Injection 40mg/4ml: Box of 5 ampoules (40mg/4ml Ampoule) • Box of 10 ampoules (20mg/2ml Ampoule)

[#printed] => 1 ) [links] => Array ( [node_translation_fa] => Array ( [title] => فارسی [href] => node/117 [language] => stdClass Object ( [language] => fa [name] => Persian [native] => فارسی [direction] => 1 [enabled] => 1 [plurals] => 0 [formula] => [domain] => [prefix] => fa [weight] => 3 [javascript] => ) [attributes] => Array ( [title] => فوروزماید [class] => translation-link ) ) ) )
button

CONTACT US:

Head Office:
Address: No.1, Beastoon Ave., Dr. Fatemi Sq., Tehran1431663135 Iran
Tel: (+98 21)-889 65323
Fax: (+98 21)-889 57056
Factory:
Address: Caspian tamin Pharmaceutical Co., Entrance 1, Rasht Industrial Zone, Rasht, Guilan, Iran
Tel: (+98 131) 338-2511- 8
Fax: (+98 131) 338 – 2517